Emotional Intelligence and Anxiety among Young Adults: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Young adulthood is a critical developmental period characterized by numerous academic, occupational, interpersonal, and social transitions. While these transitions offer opportunities for growth, they also expose individuals to heightened levels of stress and anxiety. In recent decades, emotional intelligence (EI) has emerged as an important psychological construct associated with adaptive functioning, emotional regulation, and mental well-being. The present review aims to synthesize existing literature on the relationship between emotional intelligence and anxiety among young adults. Research indicates that individuals with higher emotional intelligence demonstrate superior emotional awareness, emotional regulation, coping flexibility, and interpersonal competence, all of which contribute to reduced anxiety levels. Studies conducted across educational, clinical, organizational, and community settings consistently reveal a negative association between emotional intelligence and anxiety. Emotional intelligence has also been identified as a protective factor that facilitates resilience and psychological adjustment in stressful circumstances. The review further explores theoretical perspectives explaining this relationship and identifies existing gaps in the literature, particularly within the Indian context. Findings suggest that emotional intelligence may serve as a valuable target for preventive and therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing anxiety and promoting mental health among young adults. Future research should employ longitudinal and intervention-based designs to establish causal pathways and strengthen evidence for emotional intelligence-based mental health programs.